Bruner’s Cognitive Development
Bruner has made a detailed study of the cognitive process and has arrived at conclusion that resembles those of Piaget. The study is described in terms of the nature of the experiences used by an individual to form concepts and thus build up a cognitive development structure. These experience that determine the level of the concept formed have been graded by Bruner in the hierarchical order of abstraction. This level is taken by Bruner as an indicator of the level of intellectual development in this respect the hierarchy suggested by him resembles the one formulated by Piaget. More over though there stages have not been associated with chronological stages in the characteristics of the experiences related to each indicate a change in the level of maturity of the learner. According to Bruner the thinking of the child development in three stages. He calls them Enactive stage, Iconic stage and Symbolic stage
1.Enactive stage
In the first stage cognitive experience are received and represented
through Motor activities it is the stage of learning through physical action
2.Iconic stage
In this second stage cognitive experiences are received and represented through the mental images or Icons of perceptual experiences that are independent of motor actions
3.Symbolic stage
In this third stage cognitive experiences are received and represented
through the symbols the most important of there being language here
action and images are translated into wards which in turn lead to abstract thinking.
In ordinary language it could be said that there are the stages in which cognitive development takes place through action images and language respectively. It begin with the cognitive experiences of the child is at the level of body actions. Then he begins to form images (Icons) and finally acquires cognitive development with the help of language.
MANJU.M
SOCIAL SCIENCE
No comments:
Post a Comment